ABSTRACT
A cluster of pneumonia cases infected with a completely unique coronavirus was reported in Wuhan, a city in Hubei province of China in December 2019. The acute respiratory illness is understood as coronavirus disease 2019 or COVID-19.3 The virus that caused this disease is designated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 or SARS-CoV-2. Workflows for COVID-19 laboratory diagnosis by screening and confirmation steps by molecular method have been designed and validated, with the utilization of synthetic nucleic acid technology. Diagnosis of COVID-19 depends on a mixture of epidemiological criteria, presence of clinical symptoms additionally as laboratory testing and clinical imaging based tests. COVID-19 includes analysing examples that demonstrate the present or past nearness of SARS-CoV-2. Tests for viral presence are utilized to analyze current ailment and to permit public health specialists to distinguish and contain flare-ups as fast as could reasonably be expected.The test can be done on samples obtained by various methods, including a nasopharyngeal swab , throat swabs, deep airway material via suction catheter or saliva. As evidenced by previous epidemics, including SARS and MERS, exceptionally delicate and explicit lab diagnostics are basic for case distinguishing proof, contact following, creature source finding, and productive and sane regulation measures. This study reviews the recent advances within the lab testing of covid 19. © 2020 Ubiquity Press. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Coronavirus belongs to the RNA group of viruses. Coronaviruses, first discovered in domestic poultry in the 1930s, is known to infect mostly the birds and mammals. A few strains can cause mild infection in the upper respiratory tract, like the common cold, but also more serious lower respiratory tract infections including pneumonia primarily in infants, older people, and the immunocompromised. This caused an impact on the current issue of the outbreak of COVID-19. COVID-19 vaccine is a theoretical vaccine against coronavirus 2019. Scientists are seriously working to produce effective vaccines that are under clinical trial. The outbreak of novel coronavirus caused by the SARS-CoV-2 has spread rapidly around the globe. Considering the potential threat of a pandemic, scientists, and physicians have been trying to develop a vaccine to eradicate the virus. Aim: The main aim of the review is to establish the current scenario on the development of the COVID-19 vaccine. Materials and Method: Around 50 articles from PubMed, Google Scholar, etc. were collected using keywords, analyzed, and review has been written. Conclusion: There is an increasing urge in the production of a vaccine for COVID infection. Many countries like the US, Rus-sia, Australia, India, and other countries have successfully completed Phase-I and Phase-II trials and entered the human trail. In India, the vaccine produced by the Serum Institute of India the “Covi shield” and the one produced Bharat Biotech Ltd., the “Covaxin” have successfully entered the human trail. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has said that it was up to the vaccine developers to make the application for emergency use authorization, and if the application was found to be “appropriate”, it may consider granting approval. © IJCRR.
ABSTRACT
Aim: The study aims to find whether children are essentially immune to COVID-19. Introduction: Immune is the resistance to a particular infection or toxin owing to the presence of antibodies or sensitized white blood cells. The novel coronavirus has been named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), whereas the disease associated with it is referred to as COVID-19. The diagnostic methods that are involved exclusively are RNA detection by reverse transcription-polymerase (RT-PCR) of secretions through nasopharyngeal and throat swabs and in stool samples. Materials and Method: In this review, various articles were searched through search engines like Google Scholar and Pubmed using keywords like immunity in children, resistance, COVID-19 in adults, COVID-19 in children, asymptomatic, less susceptible and milder symptoms. Over 70 articles were collected and reviewed thoroughly. Results and Discussion: Like adults, children exposed to the coronavirus can be infected with it and display signs of Covid-19. At the beginning of the pandemic, it was assumed that children are not getting infected with the coronavirus, but now it is clear that the amount of infection in children is the same as in adults. It is just when they do get the infection they show much milder symptoms. However, young children, particularly infants were vulnerable to infection. Children frequently do not have a notable disease, raising the possibility for facilitators of viral infection transmission. Conclusion: From this review, we can conclude that children are also susceptible to COVID 19 on the exposure to the virus and they are not essentially immune to COVID-19. © @IJCRR.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Hand hygiene is now regarded as one of the most important elements of infection control activities. This is not only because of the magnitude of the problem but in terms of the associated morbidity, mortality, and cost of treatment. Alcohol-based hand sanitizers used in healthcare settings will provide better hand hygiene. Hand sanitizers are used properly with a high concentration of alcohol and can ensure the best results within seconds. But it also causes dryness of the skin. Objective: The study aims to assess the knowledge of the general population on hand sanitization and also to evaluate the importance given for hand hygiene in controlling the spread of disease. Materials and Method: A cross-sectional Questionnaire survey was initiated in the Dindigul district, Tamil Nadu. Nearly 100 people responded. Statistical analysis was done using the SPSS software version 22. Descriptive statistics were expressed using frequency and percentage. Chi-square tests were used to find the association between the variables. Result: The result varies according to the age groups but almost (57%) prefer hand sanitizer rather than soap and water for hand hygiene, using Chi-square tests;p-value = 0.022), it is statically significant. Conclusion: The conclusion of this article that nearly 80% of people are aware of the importance of hand sanitizer in pandemic conditions is COVID-19, p-value = 0.773 it is statistically significant. They also agree that the usage of hand sanitizer prevents diseases and keeps our hygiene. © IJCRR.
ABSTRACT
The present episode of COVID-19 coronavirus disease among people in Wuhan (China) vigorously affected the worldwide wellbeing and psychological wellness. In spite of all assets utilized to neutralize the spreading of the infection, worldwide systems are expected to deal with the related emotional wellbeing issues. This flare-up is prompting extra medical issues, for example, stress, nervousness and sleeping disorders. Aggregate concerns impact day to day practices, economy, health associations and clinical centers, which can debilitate methodologies of COVID-19 control and lead to greater needs at a worldwide level. There have been unprecedented measures adopted to control the rapid spread during the COVID-19 pandemic. This survey deals with the adherence to control measures exhibited by the public, effects on their life and their knowledge and awareness levels were evaluated and analysed. A self developed questionnaire of about 15 questions was prepared and circulated in google forms.The questions were based on the participants awareness level and practice of the preventive measures. This survey was conducted among the South Indian population using an online platform. 100 people have responded to the survey. The data was evaluated using SPSS software and Chisquare test was used for assessing statistical significance,p value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Above average level of awareness of the preventive measures and possible development of mental and emotional issues were exhibited by the participants. Though the level of awareness wass high, other issues like the emotional challenges were present in more than 50% of the participants. The study shows that the general public has a high awareness level on preventive measures and treatment of emotional issues are the need of the hour.
ABSTRACT
The world is again facing a threat due to the spread of a deadly infection from Wuhan city in China since december 2019. Like the previous outbreaks of Ebola, Coronavirus has also been declared a public health emergency of international concern. Henceforth this emerging outbreak appears to be a challenge for the doctors and health care professionals. Aim of the study is to assess the role of doctors and Healthcare professionals during quarantine. Doctors and healthcare professionals experience high time during quarantine. A clinician entails the duty of beneficial and treating the patients at any time or circumstances. This profession demands to ensure all essential medical help during crises. There are certain drawbacks listed as an exchange to this, doctors receive benefits from society like high status public respect and also some financial reward. 100 people were chosen for the study from the Chennai district. A cross sectional study consisting of 15 questions was circulated online and the data was statistically analysed using SPSS software. It is evident that majority of the population is aware about the role of doctors and Healthcare professionals during Quarantine and their role and the state of mind during pandemic situations. It can be concluded that people are aware about the role of doctors and understand the difficulties faced by health care professionals.
ABSTRACT
COVID-19 is rapidly spreading pandemic disease affecting all age groups. WHO and different nations are enacting various methods, to control the spread of these deadly diseases. One such precautionary measure put forth by the government is lock down or quarantine. In this quarantine period all schools, colleges, malls and worship places were closed for more than two months. With the schools shut, many parents are finding it difficult to keep their children productively engaged at home. Working parents face a lot of issues when it comes to handling their children and also face a lot of challenges during their work from home period. This study is conducted in order to study the challenges faced by parents during such a long period of quarantine and how they have managed the kids. A set of questionnaires were developed and circulated among working parents of children under different age groups were categorized into Group I (6-10 years) and Group II (11-15 years) in relation to challenges faced by parents in handling children during quarantine. A total 133 responses were collected and analyzed through SPSS software. The Questions were based on demographic details and difficulties faced by the parents. The results show that parents found it easy to handle their children, as they have enrolled their children in online classes. This study concludes that parents did not face any challenges during lockdown because the children were engaged with other online activities and there is no significant difference between the Group I (6-10 years) and Group II (11-15 years) in handling their children .